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It's hardly VRAM he's ran out of. It's likely main RAM (32 MB). The PS2 has a HUGE bandwith to the rasterizer (GS) but it only has 4 MB of actual VRAM, but that's usually not an issue at all due to the HUGE memory bandwith from main RAM to GS local mem.
He says he's having problems getting data into ram, that could be a problem depending on the amount of data. But since this is a 2D game with relatively low resolution it shouldn't add up to so much data after all, assuming all graphics are paletted. But, still, we should be able to calculate that, everything is related to amount of data, and the speed that you are flying.
Sounds like he tried to use CRI filesystem, that is a very common streaming middleware in japan and asia. Don't know if they have any flaws but it's quite easy to stream in a few MB's / second with a few lines of C code and that's quite alot if it's 8-bit graphics no? He's definitely right in that a bad disc would render the game unplayable though.
RAM on the PCB is irrelevant to this discussion. It's how much graphics data is stored in ROM that is interesting. That's what needs to be drawn. Most 2D games use some sort of graphics characters to draw it's graphics so you can draw huge areas of graphics with limited memory. If we assume ketsui doesn't use tiled graphics it would need a huge amount of ROM to just store it's backgrounds even if they were jpeg.
Many enemies shouldn't be a problem. I think the problem he has is related to many layers of 16-32 bit graphics data.
The Ketsui developer seemed to indicate he had already ruled out all such options. The data probably need to be streamed in while playing. Mind you, streaming would only be required if we can't fit one level of graphics chips in ~24 megabyte (!), that's alot of data. This indicates the PCB have more ROM than I thought or that the data is converted to 32-bit or similar for the PS2. But the PS2 is very good at handling both 8 and 4-bit CLUT graphics data, and on the PS2 each texture can have it's own 16 or 256 colors which allows for *alot* of colors on a limited amount of memory.
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Forget about add ons via the USB or memory card the high speed memory bus is not connected to those devices.
rtw